The Right to Live or Die

The questions concerning the matter of euthanasia are considered to be burning and significant during a long period of time. It is very hard to decide whether to support or be completely against euthanasia, both voluntary and non-voluntary. Advances, which are inherent to modern medical technologies, innovations, which make treatment safer, and painless, and choices, which patients get during their treatments – all this raises people chances to continue living, get proper treatment, and not suffer too much. Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Right to Live or Die specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, when we talk about the right to live or die, numerous doubts, uncertainty, and even fear take place. Lots of diseases cannot be treated, and patients often ask to end their lives by means of some drugs or medicines and deprive them from terrible suffering. Doctors can agree to help patients end t heir lives and use such practice as euthanasia, but still, lots of ethical, religious, and personal disagreements may become another problem for doctors, patients, and patients’ families. Jack Kevorkian and Karen Ann Quinlan are the names, which influence the development of euthanasia in the United States. The investigations around these names, evaluation of ethical and religious perspectives can help to clear us whether people still have the right to live or die, whether euthanasia is just another type of homicide, and who should be responsible for this very practice. Methodology The study under consideration originates from a burning need to decide whether modern medical services provide patients with the right to live or die and whether patients themselves make the decision to continue living or die. In 1976, the first Natural Death Act was approved and became one of the most controversial laws (Miller, 2003). Of course, not each state was eager to adopt the same law, ho wever, within two decades, all other states proclaimed the similar laws, which could protect the patient’s right to die. At the end of the 1970s, the case of Karen Ann Quinlan also became a significant factor for numerous ethical debates; however, it served as another important point that promoted legal protection of euthanasia (Naden, 2007). Finally, the questions of euthanasia were raised once again at the beginning of 1990, when Dr. Jack Kevorkian assisted more than 100 suicides and taped all the procedures. His actions, discontent of numerous religious people, and disparity of many ethical issues promoted the creation of the Oregon Death with Dignity Act with a number of safeguard issues (Ars Montero, 2004). The investigation of case of Karen Ann Quinlan and a deep analysis of Dr. Kevorkian’s actions turn out to be a good approach to decide whether the right to live or die is still available to people, or whether it is necessary to pay more attention to doctorsà ¢â‚¬â„¢ activities and the circumstances under which the decision to unplug feeding tubes and respirator is made.Advertising Looking for research paper on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Discussion Essence of Euthanasia and Its Consequences Lots of sources identify euthanasia as a practice of easy death, mercy killing, or just the right to die (Naden, 2007). There are actually several types of euthanasia: voluntary, also known as active, when a patient just asks to kill him/her and stop his/her sufferings; involuntary, when a person cannot express own wishes because of coma, immaturity, or other mental problems; and finally, passive, when all the necessary supportive devices are withdrawn, and the nature gets the right to decide whether a patient is able to live or not. The creation of these types of euthanasia is caused by numerous factors: first of all, financial support, second, worsening or invariability of patient ’s condition, thirdly, patient’s unwillingness to continue living, etc. People get unbelievable chance to decide and make a choice in accordance with personal interests, desires, and opportunities. However, such freedom may be regarded from different perspectives, and lots of cons can be found. Numerous ethical and religious approaches cannot present one certain question whether this right to live or die is necessary or not. Unbelievable trust in God and nature powers creates numerous contradictions, quarrels, and misunderstanding. People, who believe in God, may agree to passive euthanasia and ask nature for help to save a person. However, why these people cannot accept another reality that God has already helped them to find out this medical support and agree to prolong patient’s life by means of respirators and feeding tubes. Of course, this is just one more assumption to the problem, however, it may be also crucial for someone. Case of Karen Ann Quinlan In order to analyze the right to live or die by means of euthanasia and possible ethical problems, concerning making a decision, it is better to make use of real life examples and cases of euthanasia. Karen Ann Quinlan’s case proves that if a person is aware about the impossibility to recover and continue living healthy life, this patient can easily refuse any possible life-sustaining treatment and use his/her right to die. Karen Ann Quinlan was a 21-year old girl, who combined a Valium tranquilizer with alcohol and collapsed at the party. No one could believe that it was her last party in this life. This girl got a head trauma and was in a persistent vegetative state, that meant, she was alive, but lost her abilities to breathe and move. The most terrible point was that Karen could open her eyes, see her parents, cry, or laugh, but could not comprehend what was going on and that she could not move or do any other actions independently. It was a real disaster to Karen’ s parents, and they took a decision to fight for their daughter’s right to die (Naden, 2007). In this case, it is very difficult to think about medical ethics and other issues; when parents observe how their child is suffering and not live but exist, it is hard to make some rational and proper decisions. They decided to unplug the respirator, but use feeding tubes. This girl lived for about 10 years, the nature and attitude to the right to die was changed and lots of people agreed that some patients, who are sure that the treatment is useless can refuse medical care, ground on their right of privacy, and choose euthanasia.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Right to Live or Die specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Dr. Jack Kevorkian and His Approaches to Treatment When we talk about euthanasia and discuss the right to die or live, we have to mention such personality as Dr. Jack Kevorkian. This path ologist is famous due to his participation in numerous homicides; his actions established â€Å"licensing killing as an answer to suffering† (Ars Montero, 2004, 73). His attitude to euthanasia was rather simple – he did not consider dying as a crime, this is why his help for his patients to stop their sufferings and end this life was not that terrible and illegal. Those people, who suffer from unbelievable pain, do not even get a chance to think about ethics, moral, and other medical points. Of course, those people, who just observe how other people, not their relatives, suffer, analyze the situation at one level. The attitude of relatives to the same situation is rather different. This is why lots of people find Dr. Kevorkian’s actions appropriate and helpful. It is not time to think that God may save a patient: if God can help, why He torments people, innocent people. Lots of physicians have a certain fear to offer their patients euthanasia, because of crim inal responsibility (Miller, 2003), but Dr. Jack Kevorkian did not afraid to make such propositions and provide people, who were dying, with a chance to die quickly and without sufferings. He gave them the right to choose and he did not force or lie. This life is not always as good as many people try to imagine; and those, who do not observe human sufferings, will never understand that doctor’s actions. The Right to Live or Die: People’s Choice It is inherent for people to make mistakes; each person in this world has the right to choose and rely on personal interests only. Even if the situation is terrible, there are always several variants to choose from; even if these variants are both horrible, the right still exists. When people talk about the right to live or die, numerous issues have to be taken into consideration. For example, some people can easily end their lives in order not to be imprisoned; some young people can end their lives because of personal trouble s. To my mind, such actions and decisions to end this life cannot be justified. However, when a person realizes that he/she gets incurable disease, the right to die or live takes absolutely another sense. If a person does not want to continue living, other people can hardly prove that these ill people are mistaken. It is very hard or even impossible to live with a thought that you are dying. But when a person cannot even move, lose own parts of body, and observe how his/her relatives die with him/her just observing all these sufferings, the situation becomes worse. People have lots of rights, and the right to die or live is one of them, and no one can deprive a person from this right.Advertising Looking for research paper on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The right to live or die is a very debatable question: people can discuss it for a long period of time and present numerous points of view, however, much depends on whether these people see and comprehend why a person decides to use this right or not. In this case, it is very difficult to evaluate all pros, cons, and ethical points of the right to live or die. People live, enjoy this life, make new friends, earn money, fell in love, give births, grow old, and die. However, if a person is deprived of some of the above-mentioned issues, it is very hard or even impossible to continue living. The case of Karen Ann Quinlan and the activities of Dr. Kevorkian prove that euthanasia has certain positive aspects. This practice cannot be imposed, this is why it is the right, the choice that any patient should make independently or with the help of close relatives, who care about him/her. Reference List Ars, B Montero, E. (2004). Suffering and Dignity in the Twilight of Life. New York: Libra ry Research Associates, Inc. Miller, A. S. (2003). Gaia Connections: An Introduction to Ecology, Ecoethics, and Economics. Maryland: Rowman Littlefield Publishers, Inc. Naden, C. J. (2007). Patients’ Rights. New York: Marshall Cavendish Corporation. This research paper on The Right to Live or Die was written and submitted by user Raiden Hays to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Why Job Hopping is Great for Your Career

Why Job Hopping is Great for Your Career The old days of being stigmatized for switching jobs too frequently are behind us. There’s even research to suggest that workers who stay at the same job for longer than two years end up being paid less, while workers who continue to seek new opportunities are quicker to learn, better at making first impressions, and more successful. Certainly they’re more adaptable, keeping their skills sharper and their strategizing more efficient. Keep these following tips in mind if you think the job hopping lifestyle is for you.Keep it internalYou can even hop between jobs at the same company, if that kind of loyalty is important to you. The main thing is keeping yourself sharp and engaged in the work you’re doing- and never letting yourself get bored.Don’t hide your true selfIf you’re a job hopper, consider selling this a strength, rather than hiding it as a weakness. Build your constant striving for bigger and better challenges into your hiring narrative. As long as you haven’t left a trail of burnt bridges in your wake, chances are you can make this trait an asset in an interview.While the stigma continues to fade, make sure to actively sell this aspect of your application in the hiring process. Being up front about it will help to assuage whatever doubts a more recalcitrant hiring manager might have about your resume.Know it’s never too lateFinally, there’s nothing out there that says older workers can’t be job hoppers as well! They day you decide you’re done learning is the day you’d better think about retirement. Keep on chasing those pots of gold- learning new skills and seeking new challenges.

The Clash Of Civilization In The Arab World Research Paper

The Clash Of Civilization In The Arab World - Research Paper Example Chiozza attempts to test the truth in clash of civilization by forming various hypotheses (714). Furthermore, Wei (p.40) prevents confusion between culture and civilization, two words used interchangeable with different meanings; while Crittenden provides a deeper analysis of the causes of the struggle in Syria and gives a different view from (Manfreda). Al-Radhan (1) analyses the ways differing civilizations can interact, and how the western civilizations should attribute is origin to Arab culture and civilization. This study seeks to analyze, examine and cross-examine clash of civilization in the contemporary culture to determine relevance of such a theory. Ruan provides a historical context between civilization and culture and states that the two words are often used interchangeably. This outlines a comparison between a long service definition of civilization and culture alongside a geographical locus. Through this statement, civilizations are likely to arise in a given geographic al location, where they share similar cultural values. Culture emerged at earlier stages of human interactions and laid the foundation for civilization to take place. Civilization is based on a number of relationships including history, religion, language and tradition, and all these relationships are from a cultural background of a given society in specific geographical locations. The western civilization is incorporated in areas like Eastern Europe, Latin America whose cultures closely resemble each other, while Middle East cultures also resemble. States create strong relationships with others that seem to sympathize with their cultural ideologies, values and interest. With two civilizations contrasting, the western modern civilization will have to accommodate nonwestern modern civilizations, whose cultures differ in many ways. There is conflict between civilizations because of the misconceptions values, and achievement of different cultures especially the West and Middle East (Al -Rodhan 3). This implies that cultural transmission is the key to the development of modern civilizations. Cultural differences have played an important role in the transmission of ideas, and development of key institutions such as science, philosophy, finance and commerce. Civilizations have borrowed ideologies from different cultures, as Al-Rodhan continues to state that the Arab world played an important role in the western civilization (3). The western civilization can attribute the role of the Arab culture in the Renaissance, Reformation and Enlightenment period in Europe and America. Civilization is the highest form of cultural grouping and broadest level of culture that distinguishes two people, and provides some major classifications of civilizations in the contemporary world. In addition, he provides these classifications according to a geographical grouping, and according to differing cultural ideologies. According to the geographical groups, there are eight major civiliza tions that arise in the contemporary world including; western, Confucius, Japanese, Islamic, Hinduism, Slavic, orthodox, Latin America, and African civilizations. A greater classification is by differing cultural ideologies which give rise to two major civilizations, which Huntington feels conflict in the contemporary society. These are the western civil

Answer the question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Answer the question - Essay Example Subjects of the research study should be chosen in order to meet the expectation of the other researchers, who will acquire benefit from the study. The researchers should check all the variables of the study and by applying effective strategies; they can minimize the ill effects of the characteristics of the subjects(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). In order to control the threats from the data collector characteristics, the researchers should be efficient to collect the authentic data, which are considerably reliable. Therefore, for the effective execution in the authentic data collection, the effective equipment and tools should be used, which can evaluate the collected data effectively and thereby reduce the threats (Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). To control the regression outcome, data should be collected from reliable sources so that the research outcome is highly reliable. The regression data should be flexible enough to adapt the external changes and to prevent data manipulation that would contribute to convenient research study(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). In order to control the threat from the attitude of the subjects in a research study, the researcher should select those kinds of subjects, which have positive attitudes toward the study. The subject should be capable enough to participate in the research process and support the researchers to obtainreliable outcome of the study(Fraenkel & Wallen, 2009). Raw data and related information about the findings, which are provided in research study are collected from the reliable sources and endow with the scientific research. Research studies representing observable factsare considered true and valid(Berg &Latin, 2008). At instances, when the research study conducted by the researcher could establish casual relationships with the study, then it can be said that the study has an internal validity. The subjects of the study are specific and the researcher

Scope and System Dynamic Modeling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Scope and System Dynamic Modeling - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that the model will be unable to tell the whole story behind the topic. Therefore, only impacts of interest are selected and included in the model. With the green house effect rising to alarming levels over the past decade, it seems worhtwhile to investigate the relationship between CO2 emission and global manufacturing in the current model. In addition, monetary relations between the multinationals and the host country which include taxation, contribution to Gross Domestic Product from global manufacturing and gross profit of the multinationals are likewise include in the model. Change in living standard and creation of employment from global manufacturing are also integrated into the model for better understanding between these global multinationals and the host country. This paper outlines that the Vensim software is used to simulate a system dynamics model of the situation being studied. Running "what if" simulations to test certain policies on such a model can greatly aid in understanding how the system changes over time. In the brainstorming phase, a ‘perfect’ model is the primary goal. Such a ‘prefect’ model will require the inclusion of every possible component with respect to the topic of interest. As a prerequisite, a causal loop diagram must be drafted before constructing the system dynamic model. A causal loop diagram is a diagram that aids in visualizing how interrelated variables affect one another. The diagram consists of a set of nodes representing the variables connected together. The relationships between these variables, represented by arrows, can be labelled as either positive or negative. The following is the first draft of the causal loop diagram.

Defining And Evaluating Existentialism

Defining And Evaluating Existentialism Existentialism is a Humanism, to be human is defined by an existence (physical existence) that precedes its essence (true nature). As such, if existence is problematic, and it is towards the development of a full existentialist theory of what it is to be human that Sartres work logically evolves. In relation to what will become Being and Nothingness, Sartres early works can be seen as providing important preparatory material for an existential account of being human. But the distinctiveness of Sartres approach to understanding human existence is ultimately guided by his ethical interest. Thus the nature of Sartres topics of analysis, his theory of the ego and his ethical aims all characterise the development of an existential phenomenology. The general concern of existentialism is to give an account of what it is like to exist as a human being in the world. Existentialism is a philosophical movement emphasizing individualism, individual freedom, and subjectivity. Epistemologically, it is denied that there can be an absolutely objective description of the world as it is without the intervention of human interests and actions. The world is a given and there is no epistemological scepticism about its existence; it has to be described in relation to ourselves. There is no fixed essence to which beings have to conform in order to qualify as human beings; we are what we decide to be. The issue of freedom and choice are of crucial importance in existentialism. Sartre thinks that authentic choices are completely undetermined. If we make our decisions merely by reference to an external moral code or set of procedures, then we are, similarly, not arriving at authentic choices. Key Points of Jean Paul Sartres (1905 1980) existentialist Philosophy: 1.Existence precedes and rules essence Satires ethical behavior acknowledges our freedom in the world. We cannot hide behind the safety of tradition, culture and the moral code. Among the most famous and influential existentialist propositions is Sartres dictum, existence precedes and rules essence, which is generally taken to mean that there is no pre-defined essence to humanity except that which we make for ourselves. Since Sartrean existentialism does not acknowledge the existence of a god or of any other determining principle, human beings are free to do as they choose. To live according to these principles means to live in bad faith and is unethical Since there is no predefined human nature or ultimate evaluation beyond that which humans project onto the world, people may only be judged or defined by their actions and choices, and human choices are the ultimate evaluator. The concept of Existence preceding essence is important because it describes the only conceivable reality as the judge of good or evil. If things simply are, without directive, purpose or overall truth, then truth (or essence) is only the projection of that which is a product of existence, or collective experiences. For truth to exist, existence has to exist before it, making it not only the predecessor but the ruler of its own objectivity. 2. Anguish In Sartres Existentialism, anguish is the feeling one gets when one recognizes that one is responsible not only for oneself, but for all of mankind. Along with many of the other emotional states described by existentialists, anguish can be paralytic, and one of the goals of existentialism is to push people toward action even in the face of these emotions. 3. Bad faith Satre basically not acknowledging that as a human being our existence precedes our essence in the world and so not acknowledging our own ability create our self through our choices. The bad faith stories, young woman and a waiter, the young woman delaying her moment of choice in a way that for inauthentic and the waiter failing to acknowledge to be a waiter and he has his choice to choose not to be a waiter. Both the young woman and the waiter put essence before existence but they are slightly different in their choices. 4. Being in itself Being in itself is the self-contained and fully realized being of objects. It is to be contrasted with the being, or existence, of people. from the young woman story Ivich treats both Delarue and her own body as being-in-itself. According to Sartre, human beings want to attain being in itself while retaining their freedom, a tendency he dubs the desire to be God. 5. Being for others Being for others, in Sartrean existentialism, is that part of human existence that is social and socially defined. From the story of waiter he treat him/her self first and primarily as a being-for-others. One path to bad faith is to view all of ones existence as disclosed through others. 6. Being for self To act in good faith we must treat self and others primarily. Existentialism is not a complete philosophy and many arguments can be made against it. An accountant also a human being, sometimes he do accounting and sometimes do other things. A Existentialism, is that part part, though inseparable from the rest of human existence that is self-defined. Viewing human existence as entirely self-defined is one way toward bad faith. 7. Despair Sartre defines despair the feeling resulting from the realization that there is no sure footing in the world, and we can never know the results of our actions beforehand. Criticisms Existentialism is not a perfect and complete philosophy and many arguments can be made against it. The philosopher Marcues criticized that if avery one is already free and they are walking on the roads they why bother to fight for freedom? The opponents of existentialism assert that it fosters the particularization of human beings, stripping them of a universal sense of identity, which is entirely consistent with the claims of existentialists that the only universal allowed for human beings is their fundamental freedom. An another view is simply that existentialists are insane, which, many existentialists would reply, is correct, but, they would retort, only if you considered a lack of desire to live the traditional office life as reducible to insanity. Conclusion The existentialism is not a complete philosophy. It is philosophy which combines with Virtue ethics and deontology. Existentialist understanding of what it is to be human can be summarised in his view that the underlying motivation for action is to be found in the nature of consciousness which is a desire for being. It is up to each agent to exercise his freedom in such a way that he does not lose sight of his existence as a facticity, as well as a free human being. In so doing, he will come to understand more about the original choice which his whole life represents, and thus about the values that are thereby projected. Such an understanding is only obtained through living this particular life and avoiding the pitfalls of strategies of self-deceit such as bad faith. This authentic option for human life represents the realisation of a universal in the singularity of a human life. Existentialism declares that the individual must choose his way; there is no predetermination. Since the universe is meaningless and absurd, people must set their own ethical standards. The universe does not predetermine moral rules. Each person strives toward a unique moral perfection. Existentialists believe that morality depends on the individual, rather than a supreme being.

Portrayal of Women in James Joyces Ulysses Essay -- Joyce Ulysses Ess

Portrayal of Women in James Joyce's Ulysses The novel, "Ulysses", by James Joyce shows the reader hour by hour a single day in the life of one man.   But this epic which specifically deals with Leopold Bloom and has reference to Stephen Dedalus, holds so much more appendage to other areas of life.   One, is the portrayal of women in Ulysses. A common speculation is that men seem to have a more dominating status over women.   However, in Ulysses  that theory dwindles due to the women who   play significant roles in the story.   Although the women in the novel all use various tactics to entice the men to succumb and cower to them, it all ends up that the men do heed to the qualifying factors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The first woman of purpose that we become aware of is Stephen Dedalus's mother.   Even though she is dead, her presence is accounted for in Stephen's night and day dreams.   His refusal to pray at her bedside while she was dying triggered an immense amount of guilt that he cannot shake.   His undeniable brooding over her was shown when he remembered the song by W.B. Yeats, " and no more†¦the brazen cars."   In the annotated text it claims that, "The song, accompanied by a harp, is sung to comfort the countess, who has sold her soul to the powers of the darkness that her people might have food."   That song is important because he is trying to lift the blame from his heart by reaching out for forgiveness.  Ã‚   The book then tells of a "bowl with bitter waters."   That bowl implies what is told in "Portrait of a Young Man", which is that his mother was an adulteress, and that recollection was bothering him. He even goes a s far to say aloud, "No mother, let me be and let me live."   It seems that he wants to escape her clutches, yet is clinging... ... get away with acting disdainful and speaking to Bloom with a harsh tongue, but he does not leave her.  Ã‚   In fact, he does cower, and takes her, illicit affairs and all.     Ã‚  Ã‚   The men in "Ulysses" are viewed as the warriors, or bread-winners, yet they are only characterized as that due to the women in the novel.   Many of the women are able to be looked upon as the "hierarchy" in a sense because of the way the people around them reacted.   It is said that whenever there is an action, there is a reaction.   As clichà © as that may be, the women were the ones that created the "action" and the men rebutted with the "reaction".   Despite the social conventions that most of us are familiar with pertaining to men and women, "Ulysses", can surely counteract with notable arguments. Works Cited Joyce, James. Ulysses. Ed. Hans Walter Gabler. New York: Random House, 1986.

The dark comedy Scotland, PA relates the story in an understandable manner

1. The original Macbeth takes place in the 11th century Scotland, while Scotland, PA takes place in the American 1970s. Thousands of historical events and many generations set these two time periods apart. Yet, while the time span seems immense, noting really changed in human nature. People undoubtedly were and remain social creatures who intensively struggle for their rights, and, in extreme circumstances, power. Of course the setting of Medieval Scotland and modern America contrast each other, but what doesn't change is the characters' drive. Both in the play and in the movie, Macbeth wants recognition and rewards for his work, whether it will be a throne or a boss chair. Macbeth and his lady want to emancipate themselves from subjection and be the ones to take control. Thus the issues of social struggles are visible throughout both versions. Another human quality revealed is the abuse of power. In the original Macbeth, the lovers become absolute, despotic rulers of Scotland. They throw feasts, rejoice in their glory, and, unfortunately, often forget about their subjects. Although the film couple does not obtain this much control, its excessive pride does shine through. Pat used to complain about her boss, but once she herself took the position, she didn't change any of the things she disliked not so long ago. She couldn't remember an employee's name, annoyingly calling him ‘Richard,' and wore beautiful clothing, while the employees wore ugly, orange uniforms. Additionally, in both versions, Macbeth falls under pressure. In persuading her husband, Lady Macbeth uses her eloquence to achieve her greedy means, while Bet cunningly employs her charming looks. Macbeth also lets the witches/hippies guide him, albeit he suspects that they aren't the best advisors. It must be admitted that Scotland, PA did lose some of Macbeth's themes by switching the time setting. For instance, there are no battles between Norway and Scotland, no problems with the tyrannical ruler, no loss of followers, and no strong social dissatisfaction. However, the unrest and struggle between the subjects and the state can still be observed, only in the form of the workers versus the Duncan's restaurant. It can even be argued that the narrowing of the population circle serves well, because the struggles of the workers are easier to follow. 2. Macbeth is a noble work of literature that for many centuries was accessible only to the elite or educated people. By adapting the play into a film that contains things familiar to everyone, the creators of the film gain a larger audience. Now, the viewers don't have to relate the events to history or have any background information on the beliefs of the age. Keeping the work up to date also makes it easier for the audience to relate to it, while the themes of revenge, manipulation, guilt, and fate are well preserved. Additionally, for people who are familiar with the actual play the movie is particularly interesting. It is entertaining to parallel the events of the play with those on the screen. On the one hand, some details are cut out or diminished. For instance, instead of the commander's acclaim of Macbeth's performance on the frontline, the viewers see a scene in which Joe throws two troublemakers out of the restaurant. On the other hand, some events are completely new to the plot. For instance, the play avoids the actual killing of Duncan, while the film clearly shows how he gets boiled. If in the play the murder was intentional, in the movie the murder is shown as a result of Macbeth's carelessness. Other events are interwoven strictly with the original plot. For instance, Pat's guilt manifests itself as a burn that cannot heal, and the viewer immediately recalls Lady Macbeth's famous sleepwalking. The alterations in the plot somewhat dilute Shakespeare's tragedy, but yet keep it recogniza ble. Of course the â€Å"descending† of Macbeth to such level is open to criticism. For instance, conformists and lovers of classics would argue against such a rebuilding of Shakespeare's work. They might view the cutting out of important scenes and Shakespearean language and addition of too many kisses and curses as a bad reflection of modern culture. Also, if in the play there are slight hints on Macbeth's intellectual level, in the play he is openly displayed as a dummy. I would also agree that this is a wrong interpretation of his character, that doesn't look in the depth of him inner conflict. From my own standpoint, I would say that it has to be kept in mind how much time passed between the two versions. I would appreciate the way this film finds an inventive approach and risks standing out from the rest of the interpretations. 3. Scotland, PA completely revolutionizes the play by turning it from a tragedy into a comedy, and thus missing some of the play's serious issues. The film is also visibly low budgeted and should probably be viewed as an experiment. Nonetheless, through comical approach the film serves a purpose of social criticism. Morrissette satirically comments on fast-food, small towns, and culture of the 1970s. The viewer recognizes the people, the shops, the cars, and many other aspects of the 70s, but this recognition comes through a new light. By watching the events unfold from a side, the viewer sees how the lack of opportunities in the 70s created the most appropriate atmosphere for greed, lust, and dishonestly to proliferate. Since the film is an overall comment on human greed and desire for leadership, it can be viewed as a subliminal message about Richard Nixon, who covered up the Watergate break-in that led to his resignation. However, from a positive side, the viewer gets acquainted with the goodness of the age. For instance, the witty slang of 70's Middle America, the clothing, and the sneaky fellows introduce the culture of the time. Also, the soundtracks play the Bad Company's songs, which were extremely moving and valuable to the youth of the 70s. The youth itself is very well portrayed with Malcolm as a rock ‘n' roller, and Donald an enigmatic gay teenager. The progress and innovation are also showed in how Macbeth invented the â€Å"drive-thru† in the restaurant. This is the time when some of the major corporations begin to arise and attract customers. For example, in the matter of a few weeks after it underwent the renovations, the restaurant skyrocked in its popularity. 4. Many students have trouble following the events in Macbeth and interpreting Shakespeare's complex language. The dark comedy Scotland, PA relates the story in an understandable manner, but spares students of the real Shakespearean classic. The adaptation is oversaturated with its own whimsy, which obliterates most of the drama in the play. Shakespeare's dictions, allusions, and symbols, which are essential to the play, are completely obliterated. Instead, the addition of the references to the 1970s forces one to view the play as â€Å"American-made.† By over-simplifying the play and giving it new cultural references, the creators leave only superficial plot references to the tragedy. Thus the highly intellectual ideas that Shakespeare incorporated in his work are lost along the way. Very clever writing and great casting make this a comedy that is fun to watch even if one is not familiar with the source material. However, the adaptation can supplement the understanding of the play, but absolutely cannot take its place in the school's curriculum. The witches as three hippies, Duncan as a hamburger joint owner, Banqo as a hamburger seller, and Macbeth and his wife as self-advantageous couple undoubtedly may help the youth to perceive the characters' relationships. However, their original connections and motivations are not demonstrated in-depth. For example, the desire to become a King is much more powerful than desire to become a restaurant's owner. Similarly, predictions given by supernatural beings are much more convincing than those given by the three hippies on marijuana. Thus the power Shakespeare invested in his play is indeed undervalued and â€Å"dumbed-down.† 5. It sure was an original decision to give Macbeth a new birth by bringing it into the American 1970s. Although low-budgeted, the film literally re-builds the 1970s. This is partly achieved through shooting the film in a Canadian suburb that resembles the 1970s' streets. The shooting in the Nova Scotia, whether planned or serendipitous, adds a nice touch to the film production and even more unexpected irony to the modern interpretation of Macbeth. The switch of the settings may seem dramatic, but the Moorissette's underlying message is that human nature applies to every historical period and section of society. One can be a dignified man in 11th century Scotland, a homeless guy in American 1970s, or any other person in any other place and time, but the humiliation and power games will always exist. The adaptation proves that although Shakespearean epoch passed, his work is still appreciated in America. 6. On the one hand, Macbeth has always been considered one of the literary world's most celebrated tragedies. It is possibly the darkest and most gruesome of Shakespeare's plays. Scotland, PA steals all of the play's seriousness by turning it into something sloppily simple and funny. If the original version centered on characters' development, the reworking was unable to create characters of even the slightest interest and fully show how they change after their gruesome actions. The result is a lifeless film, which is only saved by its setting and soundtracks. The film will most likely be enjoyed by someone who knows absolutely nothing about Shakespeare, because those who know the original work would view Scotland, PA as a silly parody. Also, although much gets cut out, the added details get unnecessarily overcomplicated and the film gets unexciting. On the other hand, Scotland, PA stays on the task. It has many parallels with Macbeth and enhances some of its themes. Major themes from the original work: revenge, guilt, self-doubt, fate, and prophecy still exist in this manipulated adaptation, even in a new light. These themes are revealed straightforward through peculiar, funny, and incredibly well-conceived approach. The adaptation is also educational, for it shows an interesting piece of American history. For teenagers like me, the setting in the 1970s is very exciting to see because this is the time of our parents' youth. So looking at contrasting young characters – bold, rebellious Malcolm and gentle Donald – it is interesting to think about to which extreme our parents appealed. Also, the portrayal of vegetarian lieutenant McDuff and suspicious Banconi captivate the reader. Actors who played these two characters, in my opinion, showed the best effort and understanding of the actual characters in Macbeth. With both its drawbacks and its wonderful additions, Scotland, PA causes a lot of mirth and leaves the viewers with positive impressions.

AP World History Review 5-Step Study Plan

AP World History Review 5-Step Study Plan SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips It's difficult to know where to start when studyingfor the AP World History test. The few months you have to study for the class are dwarfed by the thousands of years of history covered by the curriculum. The good news is that the AP exammainly asks you to look at long-term trends rather than minute details, so it's not as daunting to review for as you might think. In this guide, I'll give a brief overview of the test content, lay out a template for a successfulAP World Historyreview plan, and provide some essential study strategies for making the most of your prep time. What’s on the AP World History Exam? The AP World History Exam covers five themes that stretch across six historical periods.For links to notes that go through all the content, you can visit my article that deals specifically with AP world history notes. The Themes Are: Theme 1: Interaction Between Humans and the Environment Theme 2: Development and Interaction of Cultures Theme 3: State-Building, Expansion, and Conflict Theme 4: Creation, Expansion, and Interaction of Economic Systems Theme 5: Development and Transformation of Social Structures The Historical Periods Are: Period 1: Technological and Environmental Transformations, Before c. 600 B.C.E. Big Geography and the Peopling of the Earth The Neolithic Revolution and Early Agricultural Societies The Development and Interactions of Early Agricultural, Pastoral, and Urban Societies Period 2: Organization and Reorganization of Human Societies, 600 B.C.E. - 600 C.E. The Development and Codification of Religious and Cultural Traditions The Development of States and Empires Emergence of Transregional Networks of Communication and Exchange Period 3: Regional and Transregional Interactions, 600 - 1450 Expansion and Intensification of Communication and Exchange Networks Continuity and Innovation of State Forms and Their Interactions Increased Economic Productive Capacity and Its Consequences Period 4: Global Interactions, 1450 - 1750 Globalizing Networks of Communication and Exchange New Forms of Social Organization and Modes of Production State Consolidation and Imperial Expansion Period 5: Industrialization and Global Integration, 1750 - 1900 Industrialization and Global Capitalism Imperialism and Nation-State Formation Nationalism, Revolution, and Reform Global Migration Period 6: Accelerating Global Change and Realignments, 1900 - Present Science and the Environment Global Conflicts and Their Consequences New Conceptualizations of Global Economy, Society, and Culture Here’s a chart that shows how much each historical period will show up on the multiple-choice portion of the exam: Historical Period Percentage of Multiple Choice Questions Before 600 B.C.E. 5 600 B.C. - 600 C.E. 15 600 - 1450 20 1450 - 1750 20 1750 - 1900 20 1900 - Present 20 Note that eighty percent of the multiple-choice section will ask about events in world history that occurred after 600 C.E. There’s a lot of information packed in here. How can you actually start reviewing for the AP test? In the next section, I’ll give you some advice on how to create a study plan that will get you the best score possible! This represents your progression towards a 5 as you go through the review plan. Hopefully, you'll end up less arrogant than the dude on the tallest pillar, though. He needs to tone down the attitude. AP World History Review Plan Here's a step-by-step review plan for the AP World History exam that will get you on the right track with your studying. Step 1: Take and Score a Diagnostic Test The first step in your review should be taking a full practice test to see where you’re scoring on the AP scale.Based on your scores, you can set a goal for yourself and make study plans that fit with the amount of work you need to do to improve.When you take this test, you should adhere to the time guidelines set by the real exam: 55 minutes for the 55 multiple-choice questions 50 minutes for the four short-answer questions 55 minutes for the document based question 35 minutes for the long essay questions It’s a challenge to write this fast, so you should get used to it as soon as possible.Also, circle any multiple-choice questions where you weren’t entirely sure of the answer. Even if you get them right, you should still review the content. If you find you’re in the lower range for a certain AP score, you should continue to work on your skills even if you’re satisfied with that score.The curve tends to get tougher over time, so the calculator givesa slightly inflated score estimate. Step 2: Analyze Your Mistakes After you take and score your test, go through your mistakes and detect any issues you had with the material.Categorize your mistakes by era so that you can get a better idea of what you need to study.Note any patterns that occurred. Were you especially rusty in one geographic area? Did questions dealing with particular themes give you the most trouble?Take this step very seriously because it will get you on the right track with your studying going forward! Step 3: Study Relevant Content Areas Now that you’ve gone through your mistakes, it’s time to dive back into your notes and review whatever you forgot.Work your way through all the gaps in your memory that manifested themselves on the test.Make sure that you’re absorbing the information and not just reading it over.Follow the tips in the previous section on looking for larger themes, and check in with yourself after each section of notes to make sure what you learned didn’t fall out of your brain immediately. Step 4: Essay Dress Rehearsal The next step before taking another practice test is to do a little essay rehearsal.I'll reemphasize the importance of practicing essay writing skills in the upcoming strategy section, butI also think they warrant their own step in the study process. Just knowing the information won’t guarantee you a high essay score if you write too slowly or aren’t prepared to connect specific examples with trends and themes.Take a look back at your first test, and note the strengths and weaknesses of your essays.Try to write new essays (or essay outlines) that improve on your original essays and would score higher based on the AP guidelines. Step 5: Take Another Practice Test Finally, take another practice test to see whether all that studying paid off!If you find that you’re happy with your new score, you can take a break and just do a few light review sessions before the test. If you’re still unsatisfied, you can repeat the study process again using the results of this test. If you find that you haven’t improved from the first test, you need to reexamine your study methods and your analysis of incorrect answers.You may have been distracted during part of the process or read through your notes too quickly without understanding them on a deeper level. Attention to detailis key if you want to see big improvements! Here’s an estimate of the timeline for these five steps: Step 1: 3.5 hours Step 2: 1 hour Step 3: 2 hours Step 4: 2 hours Step 5: 3.5 hours That’s a total of around 12 hours for one cycle ofthis process.It’s well worth your time to go through it at least once if you’re dedicated to earning a great score! Twelve hours is but a blink of an eye compared to the whole of human history! Try not to think about that too much. AP World History Review Tips and Strategies These are three of the most important strategies to keep in your back pocket as you review. Check out this article to findadditional study tips for AP World History! Strategy #1: Don’t Try to Memorize Everything The main thing you should know about AP World History, before you start reviewing, is that you’re not expected to memorize tons of specific dates or the names of every ruler of every empire in history.Don’t fill up valuable space in your memory with minute details that most likely won't come up on the test. You should have a good idea of how major events have progressed chronologically in each region throughout history, but there’s no need to get into the nitty gritty of less prominent names and places.Study the same way you might read Lord of the Rings (I assume you’ve done this if you’re truly a nerd):Skim over the insane names of minor characters and places that are peripheral to the main storyline, but hold onto key details that will allow you to make logical sense of the plot as you progress through the book. Strategy #2: Look for the Themes A strong understanding of the five themes and the ability to connect them to events throughout history is the key to doing well on this test.As you study content, think back to how the themes might play into the reasons for shifts in political dynamics, cultural developments, or other trends.This can help you to come up with supporting examples to use in your free-response essays.The essays will ask you to explain changes over time and compare different societies.The course themes are great jumping-off points for your essays that will help you explain how events are connected and why societies have adopted different values or political systems. Strategy #3: Practice Essay-Writing Skills I want to doubly emphasize the fact that the free-response section is your most challenging obstacle to a high score on AP World History. Twoessays in an hour and a half is no easy task, even for the best writers!That’s why it’s critical to practice plenty of essays before you sit down to take the real test. If you’re short on time, you don’t have to practice full essays. However, you should at least write a thesis and then outline how you would support it with specific examples.For the DBQ, which many students find to be the most challenging question on the test, look at questions from past exams, and think about how you would weave together your analysis of all the documents.Here’s some more information on the DBQ and what you need to include in your answer to get a high score. Just be thankful that you don't have to read the original documents. Most of these things are so illegible that I wouldn't be surprised if we were completely wrong about certain parts of our history. Conclusion Reviewing for AP World History doesn't have to be a super stressful experience. Despite the fact that the exam covers a huge amount of content, it's also pretty forgiving if you happen to forget some of the minor historical players. Themes and long-term trends are the focus of both the course and the exam. To recap, this is the process I recommend for conducting your review: Step 1: Take and Score a Diagnostic Test Step 2: Analyze Your Mistakes Step 3: Study Relevant Content Areas Step 4: Essay Dress Rehearsal Step 5: Take Another Practice Test As you go through these steps, some strategies to keep in mind are: #1: Don't Try to Memorize Every Little Detail #2: Look for the Themes #3: Practice Essay Writing Skills Regularly As you do more practice and start to get used to the format and content of the test, you'll see that a 5 is definitely within reach if you put in a strong effort! What's Next? If you're taking AP World History as an underclassman, you're probably still planning out the rest of your high school schedule. Read this article for advice on which AP classes you should takebased on your school's offerings and your goals for college. Are you bummed that your high school doesn't offer an AP class that you're interested in taking? Learn more about AP self-studying so you can decide whether it'sthe right choice for you. You may end up taking SAT Subject Tests in addition to AP tests if you're applying to very competitive colleges. Check out this article for the inside scoop on which type of test is more important for college applications. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

- Introduction Essays (1689 words) - Economy, Business, Logistics

- Introduction Essays (1689 words) - Economy, Business, Logistics - Introduction Nowadays, if a logistics company want to maintain a competitive advantage in the logistics industry, it requires providing better and reliable service by using different kinds of logistics software and programs. In addition, customer further improves the requirements of everything like speed, accuracy, clear information etc due to Information Technology is fully developed and still keep improving. Thus, in every process of logistics need a specialized method to handle. However, we have found that there are still a lot of complaint about some logistics company especially the part of the delivery. It seems to be a real common problem in this industry. Therefore, we have chosen the one major problem of one company and the company is "S.F. Express". This is a large express company in China. This company has a huge service network not only the area of china but also overseas. - Company's problem As there are some complaints from the customers of the SF Express, they claimed that the company always deliver their wanted items to the wrong address. For example, there is somebody said that he or she asked the stock should be sent to Kwai Fong at 6 pm, but the courier sent it to Chai Wan at 4 p.m. It is a question that the wrong destination is too far from each other, and also the time is not correct. This mistake cannot be accepted as maybe it is the human error without using the information technology , non-fixed format always mislead others to follow the wrong direction . Besides this , there is a security problem on the receipt certification, when a stock comes to us , the company should notice the identity of their customer. This is because that guy who received the stock, but it does not belong to him or her by according to the information of the customer in the receipt . It is a serious problem for everybody that it will be no protection of their stocks if they were stolen by the others during the delivery , or their identity was also stolen to receive the stock, just like the situation in the Legislative Council Election recently , I was voted by someone . This can say that may stock is taken by someone, same as my right of voting is lost in the record. For the example of providing a bad service bad by the SF Express to their customers, is about that someone was clicked the service about to pick up the stock by delivering to the address (especially the resident) to receive and sign the name. However, the company corrected the arrangement of taking the stock of picking up in their stores. That customer was not satisfied since the company neglect the requirements of their costumes and change itself. It makes anyone unacceptable if the situation of asking for something in reason but there is a wrong response for me. In addition, there is some case from my friend that he chose the service of SF Express to send his sports shoes which bought from Taobao before. However, they lost his shoes during the process of transportation (maybe in the warehouse). He felt angry that there is no explanation or some compensation (such as refund and follow up the case) to him, and also deny to have the responsibility for the incident. Therefore, i t is a problem of the missing item by the company, there is no idea to solve it and know the reason why the stock is losing. By summarizing the examples, lack of communication is one the problem find in SF Express, this is because we observe that most of the action we discovered that the company doesn't have any solution to solve the conflicts or mistakes between them and their customers. If this still happens continuously, the image of the company will be bad in public's eyes. We also find that transparency is not clear enough to let the costumers know more about the information about the status of their cargo, such as the location for tracking a stock in real time. Some other persons said that his cargo always on the same situation when he received it, by

Informative interview memo Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Informative interview memo - Essay Example succeeded because he had interest on computers and really wanted to know more about programming in computer of which today, he is a profession in that area. My interest to visit Mr. Lyson, is because he had programmed a software for my father that he used in his general shop for recording of sales, profits and losses in that shop. The software functioned very well and interested many people including me. Because I am studying computer information and technology, that’s why I called for this meeting, in which he gave me several ideas to be successful in my study. He advised me to be serious in everything I learn and do. He told me to carefully listen and do what my lecturer will tell me to do and just follow simple instructions given, like he did during his time. He also told me that he has part time learning after job, where he meets with some students for computer study classes at his home. He advised me to join them for extra learning. Although he is qualified, he faces some challenges in his job. We discussed some of this challenges and how he avoids them whenever he meets them. In his company, they deal with computer repairs, software development and management. He gets a lot of orders from different companies requesting him to create some programmes and software for them. The great challenge that he gets in his company is lack of qualified workers. He don’t have enough workers to assist him develop his company. This is because there are no qualified people around to employ in the company. The reason of this is that people take computer programming to be very default lesson to learn. Most people don’t have interest on this study. To solve this problem, he decide to come up with an idea of building school, that is now under construction, to make people have interest and easier thee access of utilities this people require to study computers. Mr. Lyson repeatedly explained that, to be successful in anything you must be committed and have interest in

Data Collection Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Data Collection - Research Paper Example A researcher can design a survey very easily as compared to other methods. In a survey, a researcher can collect a wide range of data at a time e.g. opinions, values, beliefs, attitudes etc. this helps the researcher to limit several errors which could otherwise be assumed (Thanos & H. Debas, 2010). Surveys have the following disadvantages. Respondents may not feel the confidence to give accurate information. They may give false answers at the expense of pleasing the researcher. Furthermore, the respondents may not be aware the questions due to lack of prior knowledge or have forgotten. These tools are useful for recording events or circumstances for the occurrence of health issues by the use of registers. When there is an injury incident, records are kept in various health organizations for future records of curbing the same problem. There are various registries to record unique information. These registries include health service registries, treatment registries, specific information registries, etc. in case of any information need; registries provide a good information source (Rubin & Babbie, 2009). Registries offer exact surveillance data required in the precise format required. Registries allow computations of incidence rates at the fundamental level. In case of follow up, registry provide relevant information on exacerbation, survival, prevalence and remission. Above all, registries aid in translation of information for better understanding and treating diseases. However, registries are bias to some extent. They creep unrecognized into the data sets thus leading to false conclusions. Biases affect case definition as well as inclusion for registries. This results in misplacement of patients’ registry data. Lastly, surveillance registries relating to data registry is not central to only health care delivery. Data recording requires time